03 - YPbPr Video
Moving up the scale from Y/C video is YPbPr, or component video. Terrible name since it is so easily confused with composite video, so I stick with saying Y-P-B-P-R. The difference here is color is now broken out into two lines called purplish-blue and purplish-red, with the Y standing for Luminance. The Advantage here is that the Pb and Pr lines can be bandwidth limited, without effecting the apparent image quality.
The connectors used for YPbPr is primarily three RCA type with the Y being green, the Pb is Blue, and the Pr is Red. Some earlier equipment incorrectly labeled the RCAs YcbCr, but if it is analog video, it is actually YPbPr.
Up until now, we have been talking about variation of the same video signal that all has had the same signal timings and basic resolution. With YPbPr, there are additional modes for higher resolution, so we have to give names to all these new video modes. We will call the same old stuff that we have been doing with composite and Y/C, 480i (480 visible lines, interlaced).
With modern non-CRT displays, or line doublers and scalers in the loop, it was desirable to have a non interlaced or progressive scan version of the TV signal, which is called 480p. This is the same information, but the odds and evens are re ordered in time so that you get all 525 lines in sequence. One important note is if the video material was shot with a normal video camera, it was not shot in this order, so there are some new issues with deinterlacing. So 480p is only beneficial to material that was shot a full frame at a time, such as film, which was then later interlaced to fit onto TV. 480p will need about 25 MHz of bandwidth through all cables and equipment.
HDTV brings a few new modes as well. 720p which is usually 60frames/sec and 1080i at 30 frame/sec. At this point, the bandwidth required to carry the Y luminance signal increases to about 75MHz for both. The maximum frequency for both is actually about 35MHz, but in order not attenuate the 35MHz signals, you need a cable system capable of at least 75MHz. Almost any RG59 or RG6 will do the job here. Connectors become slightly more of an issue, so cheap garbage cables may degrade performance.